Management per result: an approach to international development project design

Ika and Lytvynov (2011) argue that “results-based management (RBM) has proved to be a valuable tool for international development project management; however, there are some inconsistencies that limit the use of RBM at the design phase to manage for results. This article presents a “management-per-result” approach to reinforcing the project design function of RBM and illustrates its application to a real-life project. Shying away from a technocratic approach, it emphasizes a “quick-and-dirty” approach and proposes an updated version of the logical framework to include success criteria and factors and very rough estimates for both project costs and benefits for targeted project results for different types of projects (infrastructure development, “process” type of project, and so forth).

IKA, L. A. & LYTVYNOV, V. 2011. The “management‐per‐result” approach to international development project design. Project Management Journal.

The project coordinator’s perspective

Ika et al (2010) present research findings which “suggest that project success [in the international aid industry] is insensitive to the level of project planning efforts but a significant correlation does exist between the use of monitoring and evaluation tools and project profile, a success criterion which is an early pointer of project long-term impact.

IKA, L. A., DIALLO, A. & THUILLIER, D. 2010. Project management in the international development industry: The project coordinator’s perspective. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 3, 61-93.

Some observations about One UN

Some observations from Eddie Borup ….

The One UN was initially a trial – Vietnam was one of the first.
http://www.un.org.vn/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&layout=blog&id=7&Itemid=265&lang=en

However it changed from a “single UN Structure” to be a Single UN Budget and all UN agencies in one Building – so the impact is not as big as it could have been.  A single building is very sensible and there are some savings i.e. security, admin, building rent/services. Having a single budget is more exciting as it means that in a Results Based Budget it becomes clear how many agencies are interfering with “Poverty” or “Aids” so it gives the Country a better chance to have a focused approach and clear lines of responsibility.

Here in the Maldives I have tried to get the UN Family to agree to a “One Project Management Capacity Development Plan” as a way of building on the concept – many different agencies are all doing PM development…not always teaching the same principles!

I think the following link is the paper that kicked it off:
http://www.un.org/events/panel/resources/pdfs/HLP-SWC-FinalReport.pdf
Search on ‘One UN’ as well as ‘Delivering as One’.”

History of UN development cooperation – more why less how?

In The UN and Development: From Aid to Cooperation Odén (2010) reviews the work of that name by Olav Stokke (2009). Odén opines that “Stokke has successfully woven a comprehensive, detailed and thought-provoking UN aid and development tapestry. …. it will certainly be used as a central reference work for scholars interested in the history of UN development cooperation, including its underlying ideas and driving forces.” He also says, however, that he “would have preferred more of ‘why’ and less of ‘how’“. What do other authors have to say about the ‘why’?

References
ODÉN, B. The UN and Development: From Aid to Cooperation. Forum for Development Studies, Vol. 37, No. 2, June 2010. 269-279.
STOKKE, O. 2009. The un and development: from aid to cooperation, Indiana Univ Pr.

Citations of ‘The UN and Development: from Aid to Cooperation’

Google Scholar says that ‘The UN and Development: from Aid to Cooperation‘ (Stokke, 2009) is cited by nine authors. Five are in English:

Of these, only ‘Global governance and the UN: an unfinished journey‘  (Weiss,2010) has further citations. There are twelve:

References
BADESCU, C. G. & WEISS, T. G. 2010. Misrepresenting R2P and Advancing Norms: An Alternative Spiral? International Studies Perspectives.
BALAS, A. 2011. Creating global synergies: inter-organizational cooperation in peace operations. University of Illinois.
BREKKE, K. 2010. Ideals or interests? An analysis of the motives for the European Commission’s aid allocations from 1960 to 2008.
FLORINI, A. 2011. Rising Asian Powers and Changing Global Governance. International Studies Review, 13, 24-33.
FLYVERBOM, M. 2011. The Power of Networks: Organizing the Global Politics of the Internet, Edward Elgar Pub.
JOLLY, R. 2010c. The MDGs in Historical Perspective. IDS Bulletin, 41, 48-50.
LIVINGSTON, S. 2011. The CNN effect reconsidered (again): problematizing ICT and global governance in the CNN effect research agenda. Media, War & Conflict, 4, 20.
ODÉN, B. The UN and Development: From Aid to Cooperation. Forum for Development Studies, Vol. 37, No. 2, June 2010. 269-279.
OFFE, C. 2009. Governance: An “Empty Signifier”? Constellations, 16, 550-562.
PIROZZI, N. 2011. The European Union and the Reform of the United Nations: Towards a More Effective Security Council?
SELCER, P. 2011. Patterns of Science: Developing Knowledge for a World Community at Unesco.
STOKKE, O. 2009. The un and development: from aid to cooperation, Indiana Univ Pr.
THAKUR, R. 2011. Nuclear Nonproliferation and Disarmament: Can the Power of Ideas Tame the Power of the State? International Studies Review, 13, 34-45.
VAN LIESHOUT, P., WENT, R. & KREMER, M. 2011. Less Pretension, More Ambition: Development Policy in Times of Globalization, Amsterdam Univ Pr.
WEISS, T. G. 2009. Toward a Third Generation of International Institutions: Obama’s UN Policy. The Washington Quarterly, 32, 141-162.
WEISS, T. G. & THAKUR, R. C. 2010. Global governance and the UN: an unfinished journey, Indiana Univ Pr.
WEISS, T. G. & BURKE, M. J. 2011. Legitimacy, Identity and Climate Change: moving from international to world society? Third World Quarterly, 32, 1057-1072.

UN Ideas that Changed the World

The useful review by Shaw of UN Ideas that Changed the World (by Richard Jolly, Louis Emmerij and Thomas G. Weiss. Bloomington and Indianapolis, IN: Indiana University Press, 2009) also contains useful background on the United Nations Intellectual History Project.

DJ Shaw is a former economic adviser and chief, Policy Affairs Service, UN World Food Programme and consultant to FAO, the World Bank and the Commonwealth Secretariat.

Plan for partial rather than total success?

Richard Jolly was Special Advisor to the Administrator of UNDP between1995 and 2002, principal architect of the annual Human Development Report and a champion for the 20/20 initiative. Jo Bealls writes about him in Fifty Key Thinkers on Development (edited by Simon, 2005):
In the first co-authored volume of [a 12-volume history of the UN’s] economic and social contribution, Ahead of the Curve (Emmerij et al., 2001) Jolly is dismissive of concerns about the origin and ownership of ideas, emphasising instead their impact and spread and he is firm that the UN has played an important role in this regard. In a paper written in preparation for the Human Development Report 2003 (Jolly, 2003) he appealed for a more nuanced and flexible interpretation of success in terms of achieving UN goals. Too often, he argued, UN development projects are considered ‘failures’ because global goals are only partially or regionally met, when in fact huge progress has been achieved. If setting global goals is to be valuable and successful, he contended, ‘it is important now to plan for partial success and partial failure, not for the extremes of either total success or total failure’ , especially in the cases of the least developed countries.”

Has there been wider agreement of Jolly’s view that the UN should plan for partial rather than total success or failure? If so, to what extent has this been implemented and with what results?

References:
EMMERIJ, L., JOLLY, R. & WEISS, T. G. 2001. Ahead of the curve?: UN ideas and global challenges, Indiana Univ Pr.
JOLLY, R. 2003. Global Goals–the UN experience. Background paper for the Human Development Report, 85–110.
SIMON, D. 2005. Fifty Key Thinkers on Development, Taylor & Francis.